REMOTE SENSING AND GIS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

REMOTE SENSING AND GIS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

J.Thomas Britto

Dept of civil engineering

Thomasbritto3@gmail.com

 P.R.engineering college, Thanjavur

ABSTRACT

                 Remote Sensing and GIS techniques become potential and indispensable tools for solving many problems of civil engineering and terrain. Remote sensing observations provides data on earth’s resources in a spatial format, GIS   co-relates different kinds of spatial data and their attribute data, so as to use them in various fields of civil engineering. Different themes namely, terrain, geology, hydrology drainage, land use and so on can be extracted from remote sensing data.

 All the above thematic information along with their attributes can be integrated to solve many problems of civil engineering. Some current uses of GIS and Remote Sensing in civil projects are housing, sanitation, power, water supply, disposal of effluents, urban growth, irrigation project design and planning, new road alignment etc. For this Remote sensing and GIS are used to generate development models by integrating the information on natural resources, demographic and socio -economic data in a GIS domain with satellite data.  Landslides in mountainous areas causing heavy loss can also be mapped and landslide prone zones can also be delineated. Development of hydropower sites and irrigation project can also be formulated by integrating terrain (DEM) and thematic maps (land use, geology, DEM). All these can be derived from high resolution stereo pair of remote sensing data. These techniques are also useful in rehabilitation also.

 Other uses are Exploration and Management through Rainwater Harvesting, Identification & Management of Drinking Water Potential, Ground water Potential Zoning, Watershed Management and irrigational Network Planning and tourism. These techniques are also vital tools for urban and rural developing planning.

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